1.freezing temperatures → mentioned as -20°C, -35°C, -45°C, -43°C

Siberia → “Eastern Siberia”

warm clothing / layers of clothing → “I’m wearing fourteen items of clothing.”

remote city → “Yakutsk is remote… time zones from Moscow”

ice / snow / freezing → “your nose freezes”, “your legs freeze”, skin freezing

minus 50 degrees → “Temperatures often drop to -50°C”

2.

Sentence 1

“My whole body hurts. The pain is frightening.”

• How a person feels: My whole body hurts.
• The person/thing that causes the feeling: The pain is frightening.
  (The pain is the cause of the feeling.)

Sentence 2

“I’m disappointed because I want to explore.”

• How a person feels: I’m disappointed.
• The person/thing that causes the feeling: because I want to explore.
  (Not being able to explore is the cause of the feeling.)

3.

From the Yakutsk text, examples include:

–ed adjectives (describe how a person feels):

• surprised
• disappointed
• tired (implied in “I start to feel terrible”)
• embarrassed

–ing adjectives (describe the thing that causes the feeling):

• frightening (the pain is frightening)
• embarrassing (glasses sticking to your skin is embarrassing)
• interesting (implied meaning, even if not in your text)

4.

Sentences with –ing adjectives (4)

1. The film was so exciting that I couldn’t stop watching.
2. That noise outside is really annoying when I’m trying to study.
3. His story about the cold weather was frightening.
4. The homework was confusing, so I had to ask for help.

5.

Sentences with –ed adjectives (4)

1. I was surprised to see snow in April.
2. She felt worried when her phone stopped working.
3. We were embarrassed when we got the answer wrong.
4. He looked tired after walking for three hours.