1.great father
2.great mother
3.great-great father
4.great-great father
5.step brothe
6.step sister
7.grand mother
8.grand father
9.half niece
10.brother in law
11.sister in law
12.second son

looks like you’ve listed various verb forms that are followed by -ing, expressions with “it’s,” and ways of using “spend” and “like” in sentences. Here’s a quick summary and some examples for each:

Verbs of Feeling and Opinion Followed by -ing:

• Admit: She admitted making a mistake.
• Avoid: I avoid eating too much sugar.
• Consider: Have you considered moving to a new city?
• Deny: He denied breaking the vase.
• Dislike: She dislikes waking up early.
• Enjoy: I enjoy reading books before bed.
• Fancy: I fancy going for a walk.
• Feel like: I feel like eating something sweet.
• Finish: I finished studying for the exam.
• Can’t help: I can’t help laughing at that joke.
• Involve: The job involves travelling a lot.
• Keep: I keep forgetting my keys.
• Mean: What does this word mean by helping others?
• Mind: Do you mind waiting for a few minutes?
• Miss: I miss seeing my friends.
• Practice: He practices playing the piano every day.
• Risk: She risks losing her job by being late.
• Can’t stand: I can’t stand doing the same thing every day.
• Suggest: He suggested going to the beach.

You’ve brought up some great points regarding verbs with different meanings when followed by -ing or to-infinitive, as well as expressions with prepositions, and the use of the -ing form as a subject. Let’s break down each of them:

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Verbs Followed by -ing or To-infinitive with Different Meanings:

• Stop:
  • -ing: Stop eating sweets between meals. (cease an activity)
  • to-infinitive: They stopped to buy food, and then continued their journey. (pause to do something)
• Try:
  • -ing: Try going for a swim; it’s a good way to get fit. (experiment with something to see if it works)
  • to-infinitive: They tried to reach the island, but it was too far away. (make an effort to do something)
• Remember:
  • -ing: I remember going to school for the first time. (a memory of something in the past)
  • to-infinitive: Remember to warm up before you start exercising. (don’t forget to do something)

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Prepositions Followed by -ing:

We use the -ing form after prepositions, whether they come after a verb or an adjective.

• Be interested in: Are you interested in joining a tennis club?
• Apologize for: I must apologize for arriving late.
• Be used to: I am not used to staying up so late.
• Accuse (someone) of: They accused Rick of stealing the money.
• Specialize in: She specializes in teaching languages.
• Succeed in: He succeeded in passing the exam.
• Insist on: They insisted on leaving immediately.

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Come and Go Followed by -ing:

These verbs are often used in expressions related to activities, especially sports or hobbies.

• Come swimming/sailing/running: Do you want to come swimming with us? / Do you want to go sailing this weekend?
• Go shopping: She’s gone shopping with her friends.
• Not: She’s gone playing tennis. (Incorrect usage)

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-ing Form as a Subject:

The -ing form can also function as a noun and act as the subject of a sentence.

• Swimming is a great way to stay fit.
• Reading helps improve your vocabulary.

The -ing form in these sentences is the subject, and the sentence talks about the activity itself.

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These rules help clarify how verb meanings can change depending on whether they are followed by the -ing form or the to-infinitive, as well as how prepositions and -ing forms work in different contexts. Would you like to see more examples or practice with these structures?

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outgoing
caring
hard-working
selfish
Appearance:

blond
tall
curly hair
Clothes:

suit

trainers
jeans
cap

Easy to cook — C
A healthy alternative — E
Coffee shop brownie — A
What the dish is like — A
Serving ideas — G
Created by chance — B
Health risks — D
National dessert — F



A. Warm, freshly baked chocolate brownies are an American invention. Brownies are flat, and baked in a square or bar shape. They are neither cakes nor cookies, but somewhere in between. They can be eaten by hand if the brownies are dry
and small. Or you can use a fork if your brownie is thick and moist. Anyway, there is no special etiquette, so there’s no need to care about your table manners!

B. Mystery and intrigue surround the birth of brownies. It is hard to reconstruct their true story as there are different legends about the creation of the famous dessert. Some people say that once a chef added melted chocolate to the biscuit dough by mistake. Others believe that a housewife just improvised to make a new dish. However, all these tales may be very far from the truth.

C. We all agree that brownies are yummy. And you do not have to be a professional cook to make them. All you need to do is to mix all the ingredients, pour the mixture into a pan and bake it for about half an hour. If you prefer softer brownies, cook for twenty minutes. Now, take them out of the oven and let them cool until slightly warm. Cut into squares. Enjoy the brownies with your tea, milk, or coffee!

D. Brownies look harmless, but they are not. They are high in calories, fat and sugar, and can have a negative impact on your overall health if you eat brownies on a regular basis. Eating too many of them may lead to putting on weight and cause your sugar level to rise. This may result in diabetes. Besides, too much sugar can also increase the chance of developing heart disease. Take care!

E. A regular brownie should be a special treat and not an everyday meal. The easiest way to avoid the brownies’ harmful aspects is to redesign the recipe and use other ingredients. It is recommended to replace some or all of the oil in a
traditional recipe with puréed fruit, such as bananas, apples or prunes, and reduce the amount of sugar and salt. Nuts or seeds can be added.

F. Brownies are probably the best-known American dessert. They’re like puddings for the British and tiramisu for the Italians. Brownies represent a truly American experience. We say ‘as American as apple pie’, but some people think the saying should be ‘as American as a brownie’. And, each year on December 8, brownie lovers across the nation celebrate Brownie Day.

G. Traditional rich, dark, chocolaty brownies are loved by everyone. If you want to surprise your guests use some ingredients to decorate the finished product with style. Whipped cream, fruit and nuts work really well. A scoop of ice cream and some warm chocolate sauce also make your brownies irresistible. Then, take a fresh mint leaf and add it to your plate. This final touch adds style and flavour.

must be the number one student in every subject except P.E. and Drama
have to play the piano or violin only and mustn’t play any other instrument.
need to show respect for them.
are not allowed to play computer games or watch TV.

Helicopter parents

must call them regularly when they are not at home.

can’t do anything dangerous.

need to find their own strengths and weaknesses.

aren’t allowed to discuss their problems and worries with them.

Hipster parents

can call them by their first names instead of ‘Mum’ and ‘Dad’.

are allowed to do more or less whatever they want.

don’t have to be top of the class.

don’t have to follow many rules – they can usually make their own decisions.

Entrepreneurs are people who can turn dreams into reality. They enjoy being in situations that challenge them. They are the kind of people who take risks and they don’t follow the crowd. They want to create things that inspire other people. At school, they often have problems which teach them important life skills. There are many successful entrepreneurs who start life with little money or education. There are plenty of colleges where you can learn business skills, but there is one essential quality that they can’t teach you in college: passion!

While he was growing up, the philosopher Aristotle was his teacher. Alexander became interested in science, medicine, philosophy, and literature.While his father Philip was attending his daughter’s wedding, a young nobleman murdered him. Alexander became king of Macedonia at the age of 20.While he was fighting his enemies in the north, the Greeks in the south started a rebellion. He destroyed all their cities.He led his army against the Persian Empire through what is now Turkey. While he was staying in the ancient city of Gordium, he undid the Gordian knot. A legend said that only a future king of Asia could do this.While his army was marching through Persia, it defeated Darius, the king of Persia.He founded the city of Alexandria at the mouth of the Nile while he was visiting Egypt.While he was traveling with his army, he gave his name to many other towns.He killed his friend Clitus in a quarrel while they were having dinner.While he was attacking the city of Mali in India, he received a serious wound from an arrow.While he was attending a banquet in Babylon in 323 BC, he fell ill and died.