b.

pretty → b) quite / very

left → a) remaining, still there

mark → a) a spot or line that spoils the look of something

funny → b) strange

figure → b) a number

clear → b) obvious

9a.

past → b) the time before now

charge → a) ask someone to pay a price

way → a) distance

diet → b) food you eat to get thinner

9.

Present simple passive → am / is / are + past participle
Օրինակ՝ Cans are produced every year.

Past simple passive → was / were + past participle
Օրինակ՝ The first can was invented in 1810.

11.

Yes, it is important for me to know where my food comes from.
First, it helps me understand if the food is healthy and safe.
Second, I can see how far it has travelled and how it affects the environment.
Finally, I think it is good to support countries or farmers who produce food in a responsible way.

12.

Completed Text

In the film Canned Dreams by Finnish director Katja Gauriloff, we learn there’s nothing simple about a can of ravioli.

As we watch the film, we are taken on an amazing 30,000-kilometre journey through the eight countries where ravioli’s main ingredients come from.

The wheat in the sauce is grown in Ukraine.
The tomatoes are grown in Portugal.
The filling inside the ravioli is made of meat from Denmark and Poland.
The eggs for the pasta come from France and the olive oil is from Italy.
All the ingredients are taken to a factory in France, prepared, and where the final product is then put in cans.

These aluminium cans are made from bauxite, which is mined in Brazil.
Then the cans of ravioli are transported to a supermarket shelf in Finland.

The film focuses on the people who produce the ingredients.
For each ingredient, Gauriloff interviews one or two workers and we hear all about their lives and dreams. Some enjoy their work. Others talk about their hopes for a better life.

What kind of place do you prefer to stay in when you travel? Why?

Sample Answers (choose one or use as a model):

a) Hostel

“I prefer to stay in a hostel because it’s cheap and I can meet other travelers. Hostels usually have a friendly atmosphere.”

b) International hotel

“I prefer international hotels because they are comfortable, clean and have good service. I feel more relaxed when everything is organized.”

c) Bed and breakfast

“I like staying in a bed and breakfast because it feels more personal and homely. You also get a nice breakfast in the morning.”

d) Self-catering apartment

“I prefer a self-catering apartment because I like cooking my own food and having more privacy. It also feels more like home.”

e) Local hotel

“I prefer local hotels because they are cheaper than big hotels and I can experience the local culture more closely.”

2.

Cost
Because I want something affordable so I can spend more money on activities and sightseeing.

Location
Because I want to stay close to the city center or the places I want to visit. It saves time and transport costs.

Internet access / Wi-Fi
Because I need Wi-Fi to check maps, plan my day, and stay in touch with family or friends

1.freezing temperatures → mentioned as -20°C, -35°C, -45°C, -43°C

Siberia → “Eastern Siberia”

warm clothing / layers of clothing → “I’m wearing fourteen items of clothing.”

remote city → “Yakutsk is remote… time zones from Moscow”

ice / snow / freezing → “your nose freezes”, “your legs freeze”, skin freezing

minus 50 degrees → “Temperatures often drop to -50°C”

2.

Sentence 1

“My whole body hurts. The pain is frightening.”

• How a person feels: My whole body hurts.
• The person/thing that causes the feeling: The pain is frightening.
  (The pain is the cause of the feeling.)

Sentence 2

“I’m disappointed because I want to explore.”

• How a person feels: I’m disappointed.
• The person/thing that causes the feeling: because I want to explore.
  (Not being able to explore is the cause of the feeling.)

3.

From the Yakutsk text, examples include:

–ed adjectives (describe how a person feels):

• surprised
• disappointed
• tired (implied in “I start to feel terrible”)
• embarrassed

–ing adjectives (describe the thing that causes the feeling):

• frightening (the pain is frightening)
• embarrassing (glasses sticking to your skin is embarrassing)
• interesting (implied meaning, even if not in your text)

4.

Sentences with –ing adjectives (4)

1. The film was so exciting that I couldn’t stop watching.
2. That noise outside is really annoying when I’m trying to study.
3. His story about the cold weather was frightening.
4. The homework was confusing, so I had to ask for help.

5.

Sentences with –ed adjectives (4)

1. I was surprised to see snow in April.
2. She felt worried when her phone stopped working.
3. We were embarrassed when we got the answer wrong.
4. He looked tired after walking for three hours.

1. First text

Sentence 1: Paris and New York are both fascinating cities.
Sentence 2: But for most people in the UK, the French capital is much easier to get to.

Referring phrase: the French capital
(It refers to Paris in the first sentence.)

2. Amazon text

Sentence 1: The Amazon flows for nearly 1,500 kilometres.
Sentence 2: Although mostly in Brazil, this great river also goes through two other countries.

Referring phrase: this great river
(It refers to the Amazon.)

3. Sahara text

Sentence 1: When we arrived in M’Hamid, in the Sahara…
Sentence 2: But our guide said the desert gets cold at night…

Referring phrase: the desert
(It refers to the Sahara.)

4. Japan text

Sentence 1: Japan has been one of the most successful economies…
Sentence 2: But now the country has a problem…

Referring phrase: the country
(It refers to Japan.)

2.

✅ 8 possible words or phrases

1. freezing temperatures
2. minus 50 degrees
3. Siberia
4. warm clothing / layers of clothing
5. frostbite
6. ice and snow
7. remote city
8. surviving the cold

Hello, I’m Artavazd Mkrtchyan. I study at Mkhitar Sebastatsi School. I’ve been studying for 10 years because I liked the freedom that we can work with computers. You can choose your favorite sport. You can learn the language at the Northern School. I’ve participated in many trips. My favorite destination is Arates where I always go with pleasure.We have a three-day trip  with friends and teachers creating Unforgettable days.

Try to find famous shopping streets or addresses around the world.
Examples include:

• Oxford Street in London
• Champs-Élysées in Paris
• Fifth Avenue in New York
• Ginza in Tokyo
• Via Montenapoleone in Milan

1a Work with a partner and look at the photos. Do you know the names of these objects?

a. light bulb
b. air freshener (plug-in air freshener)
c. matches
d. candles
e. headphones
f. voice recorder

b.When you want to talk about an object, but you don’t know its name in English, what can you do?

Explain what it’s used for

It’s something you use to…
Example: It’s something you use to listen to music.

2. Describe what it looks like

It looks like a …
It’s long and thin / small and round…
Example: It looks like a pen, but it’s shorter.

3. Say you’ve forgotten the word

I’ve forgotten the word in English.
What’s it called in English?

4. Check understanding

Do you know what I mean?
Exactly! That’s what I’m looking for.

2 5.5 Listen to three conversations in shops. Which of the objects in exercise la does each person want to buy?

The first person wants to buy matches (c).
The second person wants to buy candles (d).
The third person wants to buy a light bulb (a).

Answer:
1 – c (matches)
2 – d (candles)
3 – a (light bulb)

4 Turn to the audioscript on page 160 and practise the conversations.

Read the dialogues aloud.

Practise them with a partner — one person is the shop assistant, the other is the customer.

Focus on pronunciation, intonation, and polite requests (like “Could I have…?”, “Do you have…?”, etc.).

5.Work with a partner. Use the expressions in the Language for speaking box to describe the other objects in exercise la.

It’s something you use to…

It’s a kind of…

It looks like…

You plug it in / You use it when…

Here are example answers you could say:

b. Air freshener

It’s something you plug into the wall.
It makes the room smell nice.

e. Headphones

They’re things you use to listen to music.
You wear them on your ears.

f. Voice recorder

It’s a small device you use to record sound or someone speaking.
It looks a bit like a small phone.

4)

5)

5a. Work in groups. Take turns to ask and answer the questions. (Sample answers)

1. Which sites do you enjoy using?
   → I enjoy using Instagram and TikTok because I like watching creative videos and sharing photos.
   Are there any sites you would like to try?
   → I’d like to try LinkedIn to connect with professionals.
2. Can you imagine spending a week without social media?
   → It would be difficult, but maybe relaxing. I could spend more time outdoors or reading.
3. Do you know anyone who keeps checking their social media, even during mealtimes? Does this bother you?
   → Yes, my friend always checks their phone during lunch. It’s a bit annoying because we can’t talk properly.
4. Is it easy for other people to find information about you online?
   → Yes, because I use my real name on some social media profiles.
5. Is it easy for you to find your own information online?
   → Yes, I can find my profiles and some old posts easily.